What is cold heading machine forging machinery
Source：http://www.rnbe.cn Author：冷鐓機 Time：2014/8/20 Click：
Multi station automatic cold heading machine forging machinery refers to mechanical equipment used for forming and separation in forging processing. Forging machinery includes forging hammers, mechanical presses, hydraulic presses, screw presses, and flat forging machines used for forming, as well as auxiliary machinery such as unwinding machines, straightening machines, shearing machines, and forging operation machines.
Forging machinery is mainly used for metal forming, so it is also known as metal forming machine tool. Forging machinery is formed by applying pressure to metal, with high force being its basic characteristic. Therefore, it is mostly heavy-duty equipment, and safety protection devices are often installed on the equipment to ensure the safety of both the equipment and personnel.
We initially used human and animal power to rotate wheels to lift heavy hammers and forge workpieces in order to manufacture tools, which is the oldest forging machinery. The hydraulic hammer appeared in the 14th century. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the maritime industry flourished, and hydraulic driven lever hammers emerged to forge iron anchors and other components. In the 18th century, steam engines and trains emerged, requiring larger forgings.
In 1842, British engineer Naismith created the first steam hammer, marking the beginning of the era of steam powered forging machinery. In 1795, Brammer of England invented the hydraulic press, but it was not until the mid-19th century that it was applied to forging due to the need for large forgings.
With the invention of electric motors, mechanical presses and air hammers powered by electricity emerged in the late 19th century and developed rapidly. Since World War II, heavy-duty forging machinery such as 750000 kN forging hydraulic presses, 1500 kJ impact hammers, 60000 kN sheet metal stamping presses, 160000 kN hot forging presses, and some automatic cold heading machines have successively emerged, forming a complete range of forging machinery systems.
After the 1960s, forging machinery changed its trend from the 19th century towards heavy-duty and large-scale production, and shifted towards high-speed, high-efficiency, automatic, precision, specialized, and multi variety production. So high-speed presses with 2000 strokes per minute, three-dimensional multi station presses with 60000 kN, precision punching presses with 25000 kN, multi station automatic cold heading machines capable of cold heading steel with a diameter of 48 mm, and various automatic machines and production lines emerged. Various mechanical, digital, and computer-controlled automatic forging machines, as well as their corresponding operating machines, robotic arms, and industrial robots, have also been successfully developed. Modern forging machinery can produce precise products, with good working conditions and minimal environmental pollution.
Forging machinery mainly includes various forging hammers, various press machines, and other auxiliary machinery.
A forging hammer is a mechanical device that uses the kinetic energy generated by the falling or forced high-speed motion of a heavy hammer to perform work on a billet, causing it to undergo plastic deformation. Forging hammer is the most common and oldest forging machinery. It has a simple structure, flexible operation, wide application, and easy maintenance, suitable for free forging and die forging. But the vibration is significant, making it difficult to achieve automated production.
Mechanical press is driven by crank connecting rod or elbow mechanism, cam mechanism, and screw mechanism, with smooth operation, high precision, good operating conditions, and high productivity. It is easy to achieve mechanization and automation, and is suitable for working on automatic lines. Mechanical presses rank first in terms of quantity among all types of forging machinery. Multi station cold heading machine
Various wire forming automatic machines such as cold heading machines, flat forging machines, screw presses, radial forging machines, most bending machines, straightening machines, and shearing machines also have transmission mechanisms similar to mechanical presses, which can be said to be a derivative series of mechanical presses.
Hydraulic press is a forging machinery that uses high-pressure liquid (oil, emulsion, etc.) to transmit working pressure. The stroke of a hydraulic press is variable and can exert maximum working force at any position. The hydraulic press works smoothly without vibration, and is easy to achieve a large forging depth. It is most suitable for forging large forgings and deep drawing, packaging, and pressing of large-sized sheet metal. Hydraulic presses mainly include hydraulic presses and hydraulic presses. Some bending, straightening, and shearing machines also belong to the category of hydraulic presses.
Rotary forging press is a forging machinery that combines forging and rolling. On the rotary forging press, the deformation process is gradually expanded by local deformation, so the deformation resistance is small, the machine mass is small, the work is stable, there is no vibration, and it is easy to achieve automated production. Roll forging machines, forming rolling machines, plate rolling machines, multi roll straightening machines, rolling mills, spinning machines, etc. all belong to rotary forging presses.
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